Jesuit Theological College (JTC) is located in Parkville, in the "learning precinct" of the city of Melbourne, close to the University of Melbourne and to the central business district.

JTC is both an academic centre and a community of members of the Society of Jesus (the Jesuit order). Most of those in the community are being trained as Jesuit priests or brothers.

As an academic centre, JTC is one of the three constituent colleges of the United Faculty of Theology (UFT), an ecumenical enterprise drawing on the traditions and resources of the Anglican, Catholic and Uniting Churches. The UFT is, in turn, one of the teaching institutions of the Melbourne College of Divinity (MCD), a body established under statute of the state of Victoria and recognised as a university by the Australian government.

JTC is also one of the two partners who own and administer the Dalton McCaughey Library (DML), one of the leading theological libraries in Australia.